[130][131][132] These include wildfowl and wading birds that use the Trent Valley as a migration corridor, with the river also being used as a wildlife route by mammals such as otters and non-native American mink. An Act of Parliament was obtained in 1794, and the existing proprietors subscribed the whole of the authorised capital of 13,000 (equivalent to 1,590,000 in 2021),[93] themselves. [43] Another notable find in a related terrace system near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus. [185][186][187][188], Historically swimming in the river was popular, in 1770 at Nottingham there were two bathing areas on opposite banks at Trent Bridge which were improved in 1857 with changing sheds and an assistant. At Yoxall, the flow increases to 12.8m3/s (450cuft/s) due to the input of larger tributaries including the Sow and Blithe. Yet Thames and Severne both in this come short of me, Riverside lakes near Shardlow act as a reserve water source for Nottingham and Derby, and water is also abstracted at Torksey and Newton-on-Trent for supplies in Lincolnshire. Navigation was then extended to Wilden Ferry, near to the more recent Cavendish Bridge, as a result of the efforts of the Fosbrooke family of Shardlow. Hayne's lease expired in 1762, and Lord Paget's son, the Earl of Uxbridge, gave the new lease to the Burton Boat Company. Due to the size of the flood and the ice entrained in the flow, nearly every bridge along the Trent was badly damaged or washed away. The central arches of the medieval Swarkestone bridge were knocked out by the great flood of 1795 and rebuilt, but the bridge's more rural location allowed large portions of the medieval bridge to survive and remain in use today. Due to the relatively small size of the Trent and its tributaries such as the Fowlea Brook, which drained these towns, the river and brooks were unable to dilute the inflow of domestic sewage and soon became overwhelmed and badly polluted. key towns of river bannmr patel neurosurgeon cardiff 27 februari, 2023 . Jan 1993 - May 202128 years 5 months. These consisted of V shaped alignments of stakes; wattle panels and a large wicker trap and demonstrate that passive fishing techniques were in use on the river. [27] At the end of the Wolstonian Stage (c. 130,000 years ago) a mass of stagnant ice left in the Vale of Belvoir caused the river to divert north along the old Lincoln river, through the Lincoln gap, along what is now the course of the Witham. Rugeley. [13][14][15] At West Stockwith the Trent is joined by the Chesterfield Canal and the River Idle and soon after enters Lincolnshire fully, passing to the west of Scunthorpe. [20][21] The river's propensity to change course is referred to in Shakespeare's play Henry IV, Part 1: Methinks my moiety, north from Burton here, In 1974, these works were transferred to the regional water authorities, with the Severn Trent Water Authority taking over the role for the Trent catchment. [122] The responsibility for sewage treatment works still belonged primarily to local authorities, which often meant an uncoordinated approach and a proliferation of small works. [115][123], The improvements in water quality along the Trent were recorded through the chemical monitoring of the river from the 1950s. '[150] A list composed in 1641 for the Trent, contained thirty types of fish and other species including those that migrated from the sea such as shad, smelt, salmon and flounder, and riverine species such as trout, grayling, perch and pike. [125][144][145][146] Seals have been reported up to near the head of the tidal section at Newark. Beneath the alluvium are widespread deposits of sand and gravel, which also occur as gravel terraces considerably above the height of the current river level. It flows through and drains the North Midlands. The River Trent was a major working river until after the Second World War. These cities lie on the river Trent: Stoke-on-Trent. The most important in terms of the river are the extensive sandstone and limestone aquifers that underlie many of the tributary catchments. [96] Barges still transport gravel from pits at Girton and Besthorpe to Goole and Hull. [157], Recreational fishing is still popular, although anglers no longer line the banks as they once did. One effect of this pollution was that the upper and middle reaches were completely devoid of any fish life.[115]. Burton upon Trent, town and urban area (from 2011 built-up area), East Staffordshire borough, administrative county of Staffordshire, west-central England. Derwent - Trent Rivers Trust Derwent The River Derwent catchment covers 1,194km 2, its headwaters starting on Howden Moor in the Dark Peak. A huge half-moon, a monstrous cantle out. In Nottingham the heights of significant historic floods from 1852 have been carved into a bridge abutment next to Trent Bridge, with flood marks being transferred from the medieval Hethbeth bridge that pre-dated the existing 19th-century crossing. [166] King Edward fortified the Nottingham bridge in 920, while a notable battle took place at Burton's bridge in 1322, and another in 1643. [33][85], Flooding on the Trent can also be caused by the effects of storm surges independently of fluvial flows, a series of which occurred during October and November 1954, resulting in the worse tidal flooding experienced along the lower reaches. The Dadfords, who were engineers on the Trent and Mersey Canal, estimated the cost at 20,000, but the proposal was opposed by landowners and merchants on the river, while the Navigator, published in 1788, estimated that around 500 men who were employed to bow-haul boats would have lost their jobs. River Trent, courtesy of Richard Croft Free guides for fun days out Looking for a perfect place to picnic, relax, think, run, walk your dog and more, all for free? As they were a source of income, they were recorded in the Domesday Book at a number of locations including Weston on Trent and Fiskerton, both of which were still in operation in the middle of the 20th century. Rainfall is Annual Average 196190 for the catchment to the Gauging Station, Tributary names from Ordnance Survey maps added where list amalgamated river reaches, River Order 1 being closest to Trent Falls, Ripper, S. and Cooper L.P., 2009, The Hemington Bridges: "The Excavation of Three Medieval Bridges at Hemington Quarry, Near Castle Donington, Leicestershire", Leicester Archaeology Monograph, Holme Pierrepont National Watersports Centre, National Watersports Centre at Holme Pierrepont, "Historical channel-floodplain dynamics along the River Trent", "Midlands Catchment Flood Management Plans", "University of Wales Trinity Saint David", "The Trent Valley: palaeochannel mapping from aerial photographs", "Stanhope, Sir Thomas 1540-96 of Shelford", "River Trent Catchment Flood Management Plan Chapter 2", "Environment Agency What's in your Backyard", "River Trent Catchment Flood Management Plan Chapter 3", "Geological Evolution of Central England with reference to the Trent Basin and its Landscapes", "The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units Gunthorpe member", "The Lower and Middle Palaeolithic Occupation of the Middle and Lower Trent Catchment and Adjacent Areas, as Recorded in the River Gravels used as Aggregate Resources", "River Trent: Archaeology and Landscape of the Ice Age", "The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units - Trent Valley Formation", "River Trent Catchment Flood Management Plan Chapter 2 Part1", "River Trent Catchment Flood Management Plan Scoping Report, Part 5", "28095-Tame at Hopwas Bridge Spatial Data Rainfall", "Climate tables Climate region:England 1961-90", "Hi flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at Colwick (28009)", "1947 U.K. River Floods:60-Year Retrospective", "Hi Flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at Stoke (28040)", "Hi Flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at Great Haywood (28006)", "Hi Flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at Yoxall (28012)", "Hi Flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at Drakelow (28019)", "Hi Flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at Shardlow (28007)", "Hi Flows UK AMAX Data for: Trent at North Muskham (28022)", "Willington C Gas Pipeline Environmental Statement, Volume 1, Chapter 7, Hydrology, Hydrogeology and Flood Risk Assessment", "Alluvial Archaeology in the Vale of York", "Chesterfield Canal Trust History of the Restoration", "Nottingham Left Bank Flood Alleviation Scheme Flood Risk Assessment", "Reassessing flood frequency for the River Trent through the inclusion of historical flood information since AD1320", "County floods remembered by Nottinghamshire Archives and Picture the Past", "Hull and north Lincolnshire floods clean-up begins", "East Staffordshire Strategic Flood Risk Assessment Level 1 Report", "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", British Waterways, River Trent Water Freight Feasibility Study, p11, "Ports and wharves of North Lincolnshire", "Freighter-Celtic-Endeavor-aground-and-refloated". [174][175] I received this morning a letter from the secretary of a Burton rowing club. Brian/CC BY-SA 2.0. [177], In downstream order, the power stations that continue to use, or have used the river as their source of cooling water are: Meaford, Rugeley, Drakelow, Willington, Castle Donington, Ratcliffe-on-Soar, Wilford, Staythorpe, High Marnham, Cottam, West Burton and Keadby. [81], The principal flood of the 19th century and the second largest recorded, was in October 1875. The residents of the town wanted to increase the use of the branch nearest to them, and so an Act of Parliament was obtained in 1772 to authorise the work. The river frontage in the town is lined with warehouses, that were once used when the town was an inland port, many of which have been renovated for modern use. [5][6], The name "Trent" is possibly from a Romano-British word meaning "strongly flooding". A third Act of 1892 reverted the name to the Trent Navigation Company, and this time, some improvements were performed. After this confluence, the river turns north-east and is joined by the Soar before reaching the outskirts of Nottingham, where it is joined by the Erewash near the Attenborough nature reserve and enters Nottinghamshire. As no archive sources record that the Hemington bridge existed, there may have been other medieval bridge projects now forgotten. During a following glaciation (Devensian, 70,000BC) the ice held back vast areas of water called Glacial Lake Humber in the current lower Trent basin. [176], The tall chimneys and concave shaped cooling towers of the many power stations are a dominant and familiar presence within the open landscape of the Trent valley, which has been widely used for power generation since the 1940s. Recorded at 1230hrs on 8 November 2000 highest discharge since 1 September 1958. River Trent, river in the English Midlands. There were, however, over thirty ferries that operated along its course, and numerous fords, where passage was possible, their locations indicated by the suffix ford in many riverside place-names such as Hanford, Bridgford, and Wilford. It is 50 miles (80 km) [1] long and is a tributary of the River Trent, which it joins south of Derby. that reckoning how these tracts in compasse be extent, Today, Torksey is an ordinary Lincolnshire village that lies alongside the River Trent and astride the busy A156. [147], Evidence of fishing along the Trent can be traced back to the Neolithic period, with the possible remnants of a fish weir discovered in the abandoned river channels at Hemington. The documentary "Guardians of the Grasslands" has now evolved into an online game for students in Grade 7 to 10. Sir Ernest Jardine, who as vice-chairman had partly funded the first lock at Cromwell in 1908, died in 1947, and the company ceased to exist in 1948 when the waterways were nationalised. Contained within these terraces is evidence of the mega fauna that once lived along the river, the bones and teeth of animals such as the woolly mammoth, bison and wolves that existed during colder periods have all been identified. [132][133] It forms part of the Severn-Trent flyway, a route used by migratory birds to cross Great Britain. The river crosses a band of Triassic Sherwood sandstone at Sandon, and it meets the same sandstone again as it flows beside Cannock Chase, between Great Haywood and Armitage, there is also another outcrop between Weston-on-Trent and King's Mill. [118] Written records show that in the 12th century landlords were paid in salmon, in lieu of rent at Burton upon Trent. The Grand Union refused to improve the Soar Navigation, because the Trent Navigation Company could not guarantee 135,000 tons of additional traffic. [49] Rainfall totals in the Tame are not as high as would be expected from the moderate relief, due to the rain shadow effect of the Welsh mountains to the west, reducing amounts to an average of 691mm (27.2in) for the tributary basin. [73][74], The Trent is widely known for its tendency to cause significant flooding along its course, and there is a well documented flood history extending back for some 900 years. [91] Eventually in 1805, they reached an agreement with Henshall & Co., the leading canal carriers, for the closure of the river above Wilden Ferry. Others trips run from Newark castle, and two converted barges; the Newark Crusader and Nottingham Crusader, provide river cruises for disabled people via the St John Ambulance Waterwing scheme. These villages include West Stockwith and East Stockwith, Owston Ferry and East Ferry, and West Butterwick and East Butterwick. "The Duke of Sutherland and River Trent Pollution", "Cyanide sparks River Trent pollution probe", "Anglian Water's 44m reservoir scheme in Newton-on-Trent nears completion", "Wildlife Sightings at Attenborough Sightings for February 2010", "Little Egrets breed in Nottinghamshire for first time", "Photographer captures otter at Nottinghamshire reserve", "Grey seal caught on camera in the River Trent", "An itinerary of Nottingham: Trent Bridge", "Changes in the species composition of anglers' catches in the River Trent (England) between 1969 and 1984", "The disappearing roach: River Trent is too clean for its fish", "The value and performance of large river recreational fisheries", "To stock fry and parr into the River Dove", "Anglers first salmon is also a river trent record", "Bridges: Past & Future. Some of the earliest floods can be assessed by using Spalford bank as a substitute measure for the size of a particular flood, as it has been estimated that the bank only failed when flows were greater than 1,000m3/s (35,000cuft/s), the bank was also breached in 1403 and 1795. At this point the River Sow joins it from Stafford. Its source is in Staffordshire on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. The National Watersports Centre at Holme Pierrepont, near Nottingham combines facilities for many of these sports, including rowing, sailing and whitewater canoeing. Intensive arable farming of cereals and root vegetables, chiefly potatoes and sugar beet occurs in the lowland areas, such as the Vale of Belvoir and the lower reaches of the Trent, Torne and Idle. The Trent River is a river in southeastern Ontario which flows from Rice Lake to empty into the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario.This river is part of the Trent-Severn Waterway which leads to Georgian Bay.The river is 90 kilometres (56 mi) long. The last bridge over the river is at Keadby where it is joined by both the Stainforth and Keadby Canal and the River Torne. [28], The Trent basin covers a large part of the Midlands, and includes the majority of the counties of Staffordshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire and the West Midlands; but also includes parts of Lincolnshire, South Yorkshire, Warwickshire and Rutland. Facts about the River Trent 5: the native and migrant species. Extended in 2012, the route now runs from Trent Lock in the south through to Alkborough where the river meets the Humber. The river flows in a southerly direction for fifty miles before reaching it's estuary on the Hamoaze, situated on Plymouth Sound in the English Channel. The river continues north-east, passing the village of Walton-on-Trent until it reaches the large town of Burton upon Trent. Newark Navigation Commissioners were created, with powers to borrow money to fund the construction of two locks, and to charge tolls for boats using them. A description of the breach was given as follows: The bank is formed upon a plain of sandy nature, and when it was broken in 1795, the water forced an immense breach, the size of which may be judged from the fact that eighty loads of faggots and upwards of four hundred tons of earth were required to fill up the hole, an operation which took several weeks to complete. The lower Bann flows northward through Lough Beg and carries the waters of Lough Neagh to the sea below Coleraine. [44], During the end of the last Devensian glacial period the formation of Lake Humber in the lowest reaches of the river, meant that substantial lake bed clays and silts were laid down to create the flat landscape of the Humberhead Levels. The majority of these urban areas are in the upper reaches of either the Trent itself, as is the case with Stoke, or its tributaries. [105] The funnel shape of the river mouth exaggerates this effect, causing a large wave to travel upstream as far as Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, and sometimes beyond. The largest of these is the River Tame, which contributes nearly a quarter of the total flow for the Trent, with the other significant tributaries being the Derwent at 18%, Soar 17%, the Dove 13%, and the Sow 8%. He suggested that dredging, deepening, and restricting the width of the channel could make significant improvements to the navigable depth, although cuts would be required at Wilford, Nottingham bridge and Holme. The current state of knowledge and proposals for future research", "Cavendish Bridge Conservation Area Appraisal and Study", "Coal-Fired Power Plants in East England & the Midlands", "Strategic Priorities for Water Related Recreation in the Midlands", "Burton-upon-Trent: Social and cultural activities", "Tom Milner swims 139 miles in nine days", "Tom Milner completes River Trent Challenge", "National Water Sports Centre About Us", "Report on the investigation of Nottingham Princess striking Trent Bridge Nottingham", "Water Framework Directive Surface Water Classification Status and Objectives 2012 csv file", Photographs along the Trent in Nottingham from Nottingham21, Predictive Modelling of Multi-Period Geoarchaeological Resources at a River Confluence. The Aegir cannot travel much beyond Gainsborough as the shape of the river reduces the Aegir to little more than a ripple, and weirs north of Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire, stop its path completely. Welsh rhyd, "ford") in various place names along the Trent, such as Hill Ridware, as well as the Old Englishderived ford. [69][70][71], In the lower tidal reaches the Trent has a high sediment load, this fine silt which is also known as warp', was used to improve the soil by a process known as warping, whereby river water was allowed to flood into adjacent fields through a series of warping drains, enabling the silt to settle out across the land. [23], On 1718 March 1947 the Trent overtopped its banks in Nottingham. River levels dropped when the floodbank at Morton breached, resulting in the flooding of some 78sqmi (200km2; 50,000 acres) of farmland in the Trent valley. [163] The importance of these fords was demonstrated by their inclusion in the 1783 navigation Act, which limited any dredging at these sites so that they remained less than 2 feet (0.61m) deep. [136][137], Other managed wetland sites along the river include Beckingham Marshes, Croxall Lakes, Drakelow, and Willington Gravel Pits. In order to retain control of the whole river, they supported the inclusion of the Beeston Cut in the bill for the Nottingham Canal, which prevented the Erewash Canal company from getting permission to build it, and then had the proposal removed from the Nottingham Canal company's bill in return for their support of the main bill. Jessop carried out a survey for a side cut and lock at Sawley in 1789, and it was built by 1793. There are other big events each year like the Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Races . [151][184][189][190] The first person to swim the entire swimmable length of the Trent was Tom Milner, who swam 139 miles (224km) over nine days in July 2015. On reaching West Bridgford it flows beneath Trent Bridge near the cricket ground of the same name, and beside The City Ground, home of Nottingham Forest, until it reaches Holme Sluices. Historic flood levels have also been recorded at Girton and on the churchyard wall at Collingham. At least one other medieval attempt was made to bridge the Trent near Wilden at Hemington, but this was gone long before the end of the Middle Ages. Shortly afterwards, the river becomes the Derbyshire-Leicestershire border, passing the traditional crossing point of King's Mill, Castle Donington, Weston-on-Trent and Aston-on-Trent. To the north of Farndon, beside the Staythorpe Power Station the river splits, with one arm passing Averham and Kelham, and the other arm, which is navigable, being joined by the Devon before passing through the market town of Newark-on-Trent and beneath the town's castle walls. [41][42], This staircase of flat topped terraces was created as a result of successive periods of deposition and subsequent down cutting by the river, a product of the meltwater and glacially eroded material produced from ice sheets at the end of glacial periods through the Pleistocene epoch between 450,000 and 12,000 years BP. Flowing for 143 miles, the vast waterway is the fourth-longest in the UK and its history is . [112][124], By 2004, it was reported that the Trent was cleaner than it had been in the last 7080 years, and that episodic incidents of pollution had also reduced considerably since the 1970s. Efird Commercial Real Estate. The total length is 80 miles (129 km). The Trent and Tame River Valleys Futurescape includes rivers, farmland and wetlands,. The most recent occurrence involved the Celtic Endeavour being aground near Gunness for ten days, finally being lifted off by a high tide.[102][103][104]. The medieval bridges of Burton and Nottingham survived relatively intact until the 1860s, when both were replaced and demolished. The canal connects the Trent to the Potteries and on to Runcorn and the Bridgewater Canal. The Trent now flows south-east past the town of Rugeley until it reaches Kings Bromley where it meets the Blithe. [34] To bring clean water to the West Midlands, Birmingham Corporation created a large reservoir chain and aqueduct system to bring water from the Elan Valley. The two men refused to allow any cargo to be landed which was not carried in their own boats, and so created a monopoly. [24], During the Pleistocene epoch (1.7 million years ago), the River Trent rose in the Welsh hills and flowed almost east from Nottingham through the present Vale of Belvoir to cut a gap through the limestone ridge at Ancaster and thence to the North Sea. The lowest flows for the river were recorded during the drought of 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6. Wilmington, North Carolina, United States. In quantity equals not one of yours: Archaeologists have recently discovered phenomenal site in Torksey, on the north bank of the River Trent, that has yielded tens of thousands of metal finds over the years. It was a Viking winter camp. [172][173], The toll bridges were mostly bought out by the county councils in the 19th century following government reforms, one of the earliest being Willington in 1898, the first toll free crossing was marked by a procession across the bridge and a day of celebration. Howden Moor in the Dark Peak Another notable find in a related terrace system near Derby from a warmer period! Principal flood of what are the key towns of the river trent river Trent 5: the native and migrant species was the Allenton.. Lock in the south through to Alkborough where the river Torne [ 132 ] [ 133 ] forms. These villages include West Stockwith and East Ferry, and West Butterwick and Stockwith. 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